Vanadis

by Marek
(Warsaw, Poland)

3D unsteady state Eulerian type model with convection.

There is the equation that was solved (description is in polish :)
https://www.feazone.org/readarticle.php?article_id=11

This model was developed using Finite Element Method (Galerkin scheme with up-winding technique, Fortran source code).

In the sample results I have attached, there are two sources of pollution, a high building on a way of smoke. Wind has changed after second chimney was turned on. Results are presented on two normal surfaces.

Sample results:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelowanie_dyspersji_odorant%C3%B3w
(at the bottom of the page)

Barry's Response - A computer model shows how pollution spreads in the air. The Finite Element Method was used to model pollution from two moving sources, like chimneys.

Pollution spreads over time. Equations with variables like coordinates (x, y, z), time (t), and pollution concentration (S) are used. This calculation is used in engineering calculations to address pollution at different times. This model was custom-made for this study.

The description, when translated into English, reads:

Model spread of pollutants in the atmosphere

Models of the first order of Euler belong to this group. Using the finite element method, solve the mass transport equation in 3D unsteady convection.

See the image above for the relevant mass transport equation. Variables in the equation represent:

x,y,z - Coordinates
t - Time
S - Concentration
Qv - Volumetric emissions
P - Pollution Decay Rate
Kx,Ky,Kz - turbulent diffusion coefficients in x, y, z
vx,vy,vz - wind velocity components

After that, the results are shown in a plane parallel to the earth, a graph for each time step, and a plane perpendicular to the surface. There's an instruction on how to see pollution concentrations with chimneys "behind the backs." Each time step has two graphics.

Time steps range from 100 seconds to 1800 seconds (15 minutes). See the model output graphically with comments by clicking the first link above. These graphics are animated on the Wikipedia page in the second link. Here are the comments included with the first link's stills:

100 seconds - Times are given after "0", when the chimney releases. There's already something on the earth's surface after 100 seconds. In the cross-sectional view of the modeled stream, pollution isn't apparent.

300 seconds - A tall building in the plume's way doesn't have to be fumigated.

1200 seconds - The wind direction changes when a second chimney is added (contaminant source).

1800 seconds - After this time the solution becomes static, assuming equilibrium (dS/dt = 0).

The title of this document reads:

Engineering calculations -

DESIGN, STRENGTH , VIBRATION , BORDER CAPACITY

I think these model results are pretty good for a plume dispersion simulation. The model used isn't well-known, since it was custom designed for this study, and the code isn't provided. Since the work went into it, it makes sense.

There's also a list of links to Polish forum entries near the top of the page.